Rumah Bali or a traditional Balinese house has characteristics that are not found in other areas in Indonesia even in the world. House in Bali are built with rules whose name Asta Kosala Kosali like Feng Shui in Chinese Culture where there is a harmonious relationship between man and God, man to man and man to nature. Architecture of Traditional Balinese house began in the reign of the kingdom of Majapahit in Bali that developed and survived until now and based on the Hindu religion, which character of traditional Balinese residential is determined norms customs and art which reflects the cultural sense.Generally, house is divided into several buildings as a sacred place a family room, kitchen, jineng bale, natah ( home page ) , gardens and others . Layout, placement , size and the direction set out in the Kosali Asta Kosala. In general, the north - eastern corner is a sacred place, used as a sacred place, while the south-west corner is a corner of the lower house in the layout, the direction of entry to the dwelling or other buildings such as bathrooms and others.
The traditional house has a typical Balinese architecture arising from a tradition, beliefs and spiritual activities of the people of Bali are realized in various physical forms. Like a traditional house, a holy place ( place of worship called pura ), meeting halls and others. Birth of a variety of physical embodiments also be caused by several factors such as geography, culture, customs , and socioeconomic conditions.
Viewed from the standpoint of Balinese architecture geography, adapts to the tropical climate of Indonesia and the state of plateau or low. For upland areas are generally small buildings and closed to adjust the state of the environment that tends to be cold. High walls made short, to avoid too much air circulation. Size and shape of the yard is relatively narrow and irregular adapted to the topography of the place of residence.
As for the low-lying areas, the yard is relatively wide and flat so that it can accommodate multiple masses with communicative patterns, generally open-sided, each of which has its own function. As bale daja for sleeping and receiving important guests, bale Dauh for bedrooms and receive guests from among the ordinary, bale Dangin for the ceremony, a kitchen for cooking, jineng 's granary and a holy place for worship.
For the royal family and Brahmana, The yard divided into three parts, namely Jaba side ( front yard ), Jaba the middle ( central courtyard ) and jero ( yards for a place to stay ). From the aspect of the culture and customs of Balinese architecture is more likely to create a building which could be used for a variety of activities ranging everyday activities such as sleeping, cooking and for a particular day is also used for the ceremony.
From the economic aspect visible from building material that reflects the owner's social status. Ordinary people use popolan ( speci mud clay ) to the wall of the building, while the king and the Brahman class using stacks of bricks. For sanctum / shrine both belong to a single family or belong to a set of kinship, using materials appropriate economic ability of each family. As for the roofing material used the fibers whose economy is able, while for the economically disadvantaged can use reeds or tile.
Judging from the tropical context of Balinese architectural building that located in the upland areas has small building and have different functions in each building which aims to avoid a number of cut and fill to the contour of the land on the plateau that many uneven contours. Other than, it is also useful to the flow of rain water will pass through the building and caused landslides. Another objective of this small building in order to maintain the room temperature to keep warm.
Traditional Balinese buildings surrounded by concrete walls that functioned to cover the viewing direction into the house ( maintaining privacy ). Balinese traditional architecture can be seen already thinking of building form appropriate to the circumstances of geography, economic aspects and customs. So that this building is quite convenient for residents, particularly the Balinese people living in the highlands.
source : http://www.neraca.co.id/article/7147/rumah-adat-bali
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